{"ID":78530,"post_author":"9203512","post_date":"2019-01-04 17:40:00","post_date_gmt":"0000-00-00 00:00:00","post_content":"","post_title":"Introduction to Nuclear Medicine & Radiation Oncology","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"draft","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2019-01-04 17:40:00","post_modified_gmt":"2019-01-04 22:40:00","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.limsforum.com\/?post_type=ebook&p=78530","menu_order":0,"post_type":"ebook","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"","_ebook_metadata":{"enabled":"on","private":"0","guid":"299F16F3-7BB1-4AFF-893F-D036FB2D6AA7","title":"Introduction to Nuclear Medicine & Radiation Oncology ","subtitle":"","cover_theme":"nico_6","cover_image":"https:\/\/www.limsforum.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/rdp-ebook-builder\/pl\/cover.php?cover_style=nico_6&subtitle=&editor=Shawn+Douglas+%28Admin%29&title=Introduction+to+Nuclear+Medicine+%26amp%3B+Radiation+Oncology+&title_image=&publisher=Shawn+Douglas+%28Admin%29","editor":"Shawn Douglas (Admin)","publisher":"Shawn Douglas (Admin)","author_id":"9203512","image_url":"","items":{"bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_type":"article","bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_title":"Dose Evaluation","bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation","bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Physics\/Dose evaluation\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\n\r\n\nDose Evaluation\n\r\n\n\nDuke; 2006 PMID 17056197 -- \"Dosimetric feasibility of cone-beam CT-based treatment planning compared to CT-based treatment planning.\" (Yoo S, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Dec 1;66(5):1553-61.)\nConclusion: CBCT treatment planning is feasible; dosimetry comparable to CT-based plans\nUCSF; 2005 PMID 15936579 -- \"Method to account for dose fractionation in analysis of IMRT plans: modified equivalent uniform dose.\" (Park CS, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jul 1;62(3):925-32.)\nModified equivalent uniform dose (mEUD) that accounts for dose fractionation using biologically effective dose for use in IMRT plans\nColorado; 2003 PMID 12674231 -- \"How should we describe the radioblologic effect of extracranial stereotactic radlosurgery: equivalent uniform dose or tumor control probability?\" (Kavanagh BD, Med Phys. 2003 Mar;30(3):321-4.)\nEUD appears more robust, TCP more valuable for post-hoc estimation\nHarvard; 1997 PMID 9029544 -- \"Reporting and analyzing dose distributions: a concept of equivalent uniform dose.\" (Niemierko A, Med Phys. 1997 Jan;24(1):103-10.)\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:04.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 252 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Physics_Dose_evaluation skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Physics\/Dose evaluation<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\n<big><b>Dose Evaluation<\/b><\/big>\n<\/p><p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>Duke; 2006<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17056197?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 17056197<\/a> -- \"Dosimetric feasibility of cone-beam CT-based treatment planning compared to CT-based treatment planning.\" (Yoo S, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Dec 1;66(5):1553-61.)\n<ul><li>Conclusion: CBCT treatment planning is feasible; dosimetry comparable to CT-based plans<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>UCSF; 2005<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15936579?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15936579<\/a> -- \"Method to account for dose fractionation in analysis of IMRT plans: modified equivalent uniform dose.\" (Park CS, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jul 1;62(3):925-32.)\n<ul><li>Modified equivalent uniform dose (mEUD) that accounts for dose fractionation using biologically effective dose for use in IMRT plans<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>Colorado; 2003<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12674231?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 12674231<\/a> -- \"How should we describe the radioblologic effect of extracranial stereotactic radlosurgery: equivalent uniform dose or tumor control probability?\" (Kavanagh BD, Med Phys. 2003 Mar;30(3):321-4.)\n<ul><li>EUD appears more robust, TCP more valuable for post-hoc estimation<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>Harvard; 1997<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9029544?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 9029544<\/a> -- \"Reporting and analyzing dose distributions: a concept of equivalent uniform dose.\" (Niemierko A, Med Phys. 1997 Jan;24(1):103-10.)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1268\nCached time: 20181228025845\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.032 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.053 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 104\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 920\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 440\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.016\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 826 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 45.598 1 Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 45.598 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>88.88% 40.526 1 Template:BookCat\n24.90% 11.353 1 Template:Evalx\n10.22% 4.661 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 4.77% 2.177 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:220127-1!canonical and timestamp 20181228025845 and revision id 1709043\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224023\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.016 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.153 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 144.543 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation\n100.00% 144.543 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8942-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224023 and revision id 26490\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Physics\/Dose_evaluation<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_images":[],"bc2e21182afbcadd2ac9a141499ceb4e_timestamp":1546641623,"95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_type":"article","95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_title":"Treatment of Patients with Pacemakers and ICDs","95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker","95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Pacemaker\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\nTreatment of patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs)\n\nAAPM Task Group 34 \nAAPM Report No. 45 (PDF) - \"Management of Radiation Oncology Patients with Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers\" (Reprinted from Medical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 1) (1994)\nRecommendations:\n\nPacemaker implanted patients should not be treated with a betatron (okay...)\nPacemakers should not be placed in the direct (unshielded) therapy beam. Some accelerator beams can cause transient malfunction.\nThe absorbed dose to be received by the pacemaker should be estimated before treatment.\nIf the total estimated dose to the pacemaker might > 2 Gy, the pacemaker function should be checked prior to therapy and possibly at the start of each following week of therapy. Since total and abrupt failure of pacemakers has been seen at cumulative doses between 10-30 Gy and significant functional changes have been observed between 2-10 Gy, early changes in pacemaker parameters could signal a failure in the 2-10 Gy region.\nAlthough transient malfunction from electromagnetic interference is unlikely from contemporary therapy accelerators and cobalt irradiators, the patient should be closely observed during the first treatment with a linear accelerator and during subsequent treatments if magnetron or klystron misfiring (sparking) occurs.\nStudies to date have dealt with linear accelerators, betatrons, and cobalt irradiators only. Use of other radiation therapy machines should be evaluated on an individual basis and approached with caution.\nArticles \nMD Anderson, 2015\nPMID 26181143 — \"Radiotherapy-Induced Malfunction in Contemporary Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: Clinical Incidence and Predictors.\" Grant JD et al. JAMA Oncol. 2015 Aug;1(5):624-32.\nNetherlands, 2012\nPMID 23176563 — \"Management of radiation oncology patients with a pacemaker or ICD: a new comprehensive practical guideline in The Netherlands. Dutch Society of Radiotherapy and Oncology (NVRO).\" Hurkmans CW et al. Radiat Oncol. 2012 Nov 24;7:198.\nNetherlands, 2005\nPMID 16019095 — \"Influence of radiotherapy on the latest generation of pacemakers.\" Hurkmans CW et al. Radiother Oncol. 2005 Jul;76(1):93-8.\nPMID 16111598 — \"Influence of radiotherapy on the latest generation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.\" Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Sep 1;63(1):282-9.\nU. Pittsburgh, 2004 - PMID 15183493 — \"Treatment of patients with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators during radiotherapy.\" Solan AN et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Jul 1;59(3):897-904.\nRoyal Marsden, 1998 - PMID 9534692 — \"Radiotherapy in patients with cardiac pacemakers.\" Last A et al. Br J Radiol. 1998 Jan;71(841):4-10.\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:03.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 285 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Pacemaker skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Pacemaker<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><b>Treatment of patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs)<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"AAPM_Task_Group_34\">AAPM Task Group 34<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>AAPM Report No. 45 (<a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aapm.org\/pubs\/reports\/rpt_45.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF<\/a>) - \"Management of Radiation Oncology Patients with Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers\" (Reprinted from Medical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 1) (1994)\n<\/p><p>Recommendations:\n<\/p>\n<ol><li>Pacemaker implanted patients should not be treated with a betatron (<i>okay...<\/i>)<\/li>\n<li>Pacemakers should not be placed in the direct (unshielded) therapy beam. Some accelerator beams can cause transient malfunction.<\/li>\n<li>The absorbed dose to be received by the pacemaker should be estimated before treatment.<\/li>\n<li>If the total estimated dose to the pacemaker might > 2 Gy, the pacemaker function should be checked prior to therapy and possibly at the start of each following week of therapy. Since total and abrupt failure of pacemakers has been seen at cumulative doses between 10-30 Gy and significant functional changes have been observed between 2-10 Gy, early changes in pacemaker parameters could signal a failure in the 2-10 Gy region.<\/li>\n<li>Although transient malfunction from electromagnetic interference is unlikely from contemporary therapy accelerators and cobalt irradiators, the patient should be closely observed during the first treatment with a linear accelerator and during subsequent treatments if magnetron or klystron misfiring (sparking) occurs.<\/li>\n<li>Studies to date have dealt with linear accelerators, betatrons, and cobalt irradiators only. Use of other radiation therapy machines should be evaluated on an individual basis and approached with caution.<\/li><\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Articles\">Articles<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li>MD Anderson, <b>2015<\/b>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26181143?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 26181143<\/a> — \"Radiotherapy-Induced Malfunction in Contemporary Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: Clinical Incidence and Predictors.\" Grant JD et al. JAMA Oncol. 2015 Aug;1(5):624-32.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Netherlands, <b>2012<\/b>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23176563?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 23176563<\/a> — \"Management of radiation oncology patients with a pacemaker or ICD: a new comprehensive practical guideline in The Netherlands. Dutch Society of Radiotherapy and Oncology (NVRO).\" Hurkmans CW et al. Radiat Oncol. 2012 Nov 24;7:198.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Netherlands, <b>2005<\/b>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16019095?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 16019095<\/a> — \"Influence of radiotherapy on the latest generation of pacemakers.\" Hurkmans CW et al. Radiother Oncol. 2005 Jul;76(1):93-8.<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16111598?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 16111598<\/a> — \"Influence of radiotherapy on the latest generation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.\" Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Sep 1;63(1):282-9.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li>U. Pittsburgh, <b>2004<\/b> - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15183493?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15183493<\/a> — \"Treatment of patients with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators during radiotherapy.\" Solan AN et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Jul 1;59(3):897-904.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li>Royal Marsden, <b>1998<\/b> - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9534692?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 9534692<\/a> — \"Radiotherapy in patients with cardiac pacemakers.\" Last A et al. Br J Radiol. 1998 Jan;71(841):4-10.<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1333\nCached time: 20181223142611\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.052 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.074 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 110\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 752\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 370\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.027\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 827 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 61.894 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 61.894 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>89.03% 55.107 1 Template:BookCat\n27.57% 17.065 1 Template:Evalx\n 8.31% 5.144 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 4.21% 2.605 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:112418-1!canonical and timestamp 20181223142611 and revision id 3098232\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224023\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.165 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 152.792 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker\n100.00% 152.792 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8941-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224023 and revision id 26489\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Pacemaker<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_images":[],"95e9fccf233bd5b019f2fcdf113943e7_timestamp":1546641622,"099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_type":"article","099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_title":"Simulation Devices","099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices","099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Simulation devices\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\nPatient immobilization devices \nBOHAP - Blue OverHead Arm Positioner\n\r\n\n\nKarolinska Hospital (Sweden)(1998-2001) -- head mask vs head-and-neck mask setup\nRandomized. 241\/260 patients. H&N cancers excluding NPC. Arm 1) Head mask vs. Arm 2) Head-and-shoulder mask. Both Posicast thermoplastic masks. Assessed reproducibility (port films and table positions), patient tolerability (fit, pain, movement within, claustrophobia), and skin damage\n2005 PMID 15629618 -- \"Randomized trial on two types of thermoplastic masks for patient immobilization during radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer.\" (Sharp L, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jan 1;61(1):250-6.)\nOutcome: No difference in reproducibility of setup\nToxicity: Claustrophobia head mask 45% vs. head-and-shoulder maks 58% (SS), otherwise no difference in tolerability. Skin toxicity Grade 3 head mask 21% vs. head-and-shoulder mask 39% (SS)\nConclusion: Smaller head maks reduced claustrophobial and skin reactions, without compromising reproducibility of the setup\n\r\n\n\nExternal links \nMedtec products\n[1] patient positioning and fixation devices\n[2] bolus and patient shielding\n[3] skin markers, rectal and vaginal markers, tattooing\nOther:\n\nMedtec - Radiation detector (doesn't have anything to do with simulation)\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:02.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 250 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Simulation_devices skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Simulation devices<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Patient_immobilization_devices\">Patient immobilization devices<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>BOHAP<\/b> - Blue OverHead Arm Positioner<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>Karolinska Hospital<\/b> (Sweden)(1998-2001) -- head mask vs head-and-neck mask setup\n<ul><li>Randomized. 241\/260 patients. H&N cancers excluding NPC. Arm 1) Head mask vs. Arm 2) Head-and-shoulder mask. Both Posicast thermoplastic masks. Assessed reproducibility (port films and table positions), patient tolerability (fit, pain, movement within, claustrophobia), and skin damage<\/li>\n<li><b>2005<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15629618?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15629618<\/a> -- \"Randomized trial on two types of thermoplastic masks for patient immobilization during radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer.\" (Sharp L, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jan 1;61(1):250-6.)\n<ul><li>Outcome: No difference in reproducibility of setup<\/li>\n<li>Toxicity: Claustrophobia head mask 45% vs. head-and-shoulder maks 58% (SS), otherwise no difference in tolerability. Skin toxicity Grade 3 head mask 21% vs. head-and-shoulder mask 39% (SS)<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: Smaller head maks reduced claustrophobial and skin reactions, without compromising reproducibility of the setup<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"External_links\">External links<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medtec.com\/products\" target=\"_blank\">Medtec products<\/a>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medtec.com\/products\/immobilization\/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\">[1]<\/a> patient positioning and fixation devices<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medtec.com\/products\/shielding\/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\">[2]<\/a> bolus and patient shielding<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medtec.com\/products\/misc\/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\">[3]<\/a> skin markers, rectal and vaginal markers, tattooing<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><b>Other:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medtec.com\/products\/misc\/MT-GC-100.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Medtec<\/a> - Radiation detector (doesn't have anything to do with simulation)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1268\nCached time: 20181219103248\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.032 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.051 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 110\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 860\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 415\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.016\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 819 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 43.477 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 43.477 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>89.11% 38.742 1 Template:BookCat\n24.91% 10.829 1 Template:Evalx\n10.47% 4.550 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 4.69% 2.039 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:22400-1!canonical and timestamp 20181219103248 and revision id 1605995\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224022\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.015 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.152 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 143.760 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices\n100.00% 143.760 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8940-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224022 and revision id 26488\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Simulation_devices<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_images":[],"099b8b9ca83155a1e9b129fdbfa2ab7f_timestamp":1546641622,"cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_type":"article","cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_title":"Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy - Technical","cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical","cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT Technical\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\n\r\n\nThis page is about technical concepts related to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Information pertaining to clinical results of IMRT should go elsewhere.\n\n3D-CRT \nU Washington PMID 15774592 -- Automatic selection of non-coplanar beam directions for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. (2005 Meyer J, Br J Radiol. 2005 Apr;78(928):316-27.)\nAlgorithm that automatically searches all permitted beam directions\nConclusion: \"For the clinical cases the plans based on optimized beam directions were simpler and resulted in better sparing of critical structures compared with plans based on manual angle selection. The approach provides a practical alternative to elaborate and time consuming beam angle optimization schemes and is suitable for routine clinical usage.\"\n\r\n\n\nOptimizing leaf sequence \nBeavis, 2001 - PMID 11580181 — \"Optimization of the step-and-shoot leaf sequence for delivery of intensity modulated radiation therapy using a variable division scheme.\"\nHomogeneity \nU. Michigan, 2002 - PMID 11955726 — \"Is uniform target dose possible in IMRT plans in the head and neck?\" Vineberg KA et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Apr 1;52(5):1159-72.\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:01.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 245 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_IMRT_IMRT_Technical skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT Technical<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\nThis page is about technical concepts related to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Information pertaining to clinical results of IMRT should go elsewhere.\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"3D-CRT\">3D-CRT<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>U Washington<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15774592?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15774592<\/a> -- <i>Automatic selection of non-coplanar beam directions for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.<\/i> (<b>2005 Meyer<\/b> J, Br J Radiol. 2005 Apr;78(928):316-27.)\n<ul><li>Algorithm that automatically searches all permitted beam directions<\/li>\n<li><u>Conclusion<\/u>: \"For the clinical cases the plans based on optimized beam directions were simpler and resulted in better sparing of critical structures compared with plans based on manual angle selection. The approach provides a practical alternative to elaborate and time consuming beam angle optimization schemes and is suitable for routine clinical usage.\"<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Optimizing_leaf_sequence\">Optimizing leaf sequence<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li>Beavis, 2001 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11580181?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 11580181<\/a> — \"Optimization of the step-and-shoot leaf sequence for delivery of intensity modulated radiation therapy using a variable division scheme.\"<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Homogeneity\">Homogeneity<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>U. Michigan, 2002<\/b> - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11955726?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 11955726<\/a> — \"Is uniform target dose possible in IMRT plans in the head and neck?\" Vineberg KA et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Apr 1;52(5):1159-72.<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1256\nCached time: 20181219194748\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.056 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.081 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 267\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 1704\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1226\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.031\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.3 MB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 72.291 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>58.52% 42.302 1 Template:BOOKTEMPLATE\n54.16% 39.153 1 Template:BOOKNAME\n51.20% 37.015 1 Template:BOOKNAME\/core\n35.83% 25.899 2 Template:BookCat\n32.52% 23.506 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology\/TOC\n29.55% 21.365 3 Template:Evalx\n 8.81% 6.368 2 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 5.58% 4.034 2 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:22408-1!canonical and timestamp 20181219194748 and revision id 3349049\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224022\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.147 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 138.189 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical\n100.00% 138.189 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8939-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224022 and revision id 26487\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_images":[],"cc5922f95b99eeefd27ae7a26103331e_timestamp":1546641622,"601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_type":"article","601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_title":"Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy - Overview","601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview","601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT Overview\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\n\r\n\nThis section is about how intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) works (in brief) and the history of IMRT. More technical aspects of IMRT should be placed in the section Radiation Oncology:IMRT Technical. Clinical results of IMRT should be placed elsewhere.\n\nContents \n\n1 History \n\n1.1 Timeline of IMRT \n1.2 NOMOS PEACOCK \n\n\n2 Guidelines \n3 References \n\n\nHistory \nTimeline of IMRT \n1992 - 1994 - proprietary IMRT development at NOMOS (initially named VISUS Medical Devices, then Cognos*centi, then NOMOS)\n1994 - NOMOS PEACOCK system (first patient treated in 1994 at The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA)\n1996 - First IMRT treatment with a conventional linac equipped with a multileaf collimator (MLC)\nNOMOS PEACOCK \nThe introduction of a commercial IMRT system into popular use began with the PEACOCK system produced by the NOMOS Corporation (Pennsylvania, USA). The PEACOCK system consists of the MIMiC, which is a \"bolt-on\" multileaf collimator, and a dedicated treatment planning system. Treatment with the PEACOCK is described as \"serial tomotherapy\" in which the treatment is delivered using non-overlapping arcs (thus \"tomo\" or slice therapy) with couch movement occurring between each arc (thus \"serial\").\n\nGuidelines \nGuidelines for the implementation and quality assurance for IMRT.\n\nNCI Guidelines on the Use of IMRT in Clinical Trials:\n(July 25, 2006) \"ATC Guidelines for the use of IMRT\" - PDF\n(Jan 14, 2005) \"The National Cancer Institute Guidelines for the Use of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Clinical Trials\" - PDF\nAdvanced Technology Consortium (ATC):\n2004 - PMID 15234063 — \"Credentialing of institutions for IMRT in clinical trials.\" Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Jul 15;59(4):1257-9\nReferences \nBeavis A W. Is tomotherapy the future of IMRT? The British Journal of Radiology 77 (2004), 285-295. (PMID 15107318)\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:01.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 249 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_IMRT_IMRT_Overview skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT Overview<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\nThis section is about how intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) works (in brief) and the history of IMRT. More technical aspects of IMRT should be placed in the section <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Technical\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT Technical\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology:IMRT Technical<\/a>. Clinical results of IMRT should be placed elsewhere.\n<\/p>\n\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"History\">History<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Timeline_of_IMRT\">Timeline of IMRT<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul><li>1992 - 1994 - proprietary IMRT development at NOMOS (initially named VISUS Medical Devices, then Cognos*centi, then NOMOS)<\/li>\n<li>1994 - NOMOS PEACOCK system (first patient treated in 1994 at The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA)<\/li>\n<li>1996 - First IMRT treatment with a conventional linac equipped with a multileaf collimator (MLC)<\/li><\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"NOMOS_PEACOCK\">NOMOS PEACOCK<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The introduction of a commercial IMRT system into popular use began with the PEACOCK system produced by the NOMOS Corporation (Pennsylvania, USA). The PEACOCK system consists of the MIMiC, which is a \"bolt-on\" multileaf collimator, and a dedicated treatment planning system. Treatment with the PEACOCK is described as \"serial tomotherapy\" in which the treatment is delivered using non-overlapping arcs (thus \"tomo\" or slice therapy) with couch movement occurring between each arc (thus \"serial\").\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Guidelines\">Guidelines<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Guidelines for the implementation and quality assurance for IMRT.\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>NCI Guidelines on the Use of IMRT in Clinical Trials:<\/b>\n<ul><li>(July 25, 2006) \"ATC Guidelines for the use of IMRT\" - <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/atc.wustl.edu\/home\/NCI\/NCI_IMRT_Guidelines_2006.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li>(Jan 14, 2005) \"The National Cancer Institute Guidelines for the Use of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Clinical Trials\" - <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/atc.wustl.edu\/home\/NCI\/IMRT_NCI_Guidelines_v4.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>Advanced Technology Consortium (ATC):<\/b>\n<ul><li>2004 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15234063?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15234063<\/a> — \"Credentialing of institutions for IMRT in clinical trials.\" Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Jul 15;59(4):1257-9<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"References\">References<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li>Beavis A W. Is tomotherapy the future of IMRT? The British Journal of Radiology 77 (2004), 285-295. (<a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15107318?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15107318<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1321\nCached time: 20181221235037\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.060 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.086 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 274\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 1678\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1212\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.033\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.31 MB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 74.519 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>59.30% 44.193 1 Template:BOOKTEMPLATE\n56.04% 41.760 1 Template:BOOKNAME\n52.72% 39.283 1 Template:BOOKNAME\/core\n36.12% 26.915 2 Template:BookCat\n30.52% 22.743 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology\/TOC\n26.96% 20.092 3 Template:Evalx\n 7.12% 5.303 2 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 3.41% 2.541 2 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:23157-1!canonical and timestamp 20181221235037 and revision id 3349048\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224021\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.019 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.159 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 149.447 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview\n100.00% 149.447 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8938-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224021 and revision id 26486\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/IMRT_Overview<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_images":[],"601d37ed3172a7d6cc99bf5b13fda87f_timestamp":1546641621,"3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_type":"article","3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_title":"Motion in Radiotherapy","3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion","3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Treatment planning\/Motion\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\n\r\n\nTumor and Organ At Risk Motion\n\r\n\n\nAbdominal Tumors \nPMID 15817361, 2005 — \"The correlation between internal and external markers for abdominal tumors: implications for respiratory gating.\" Gierga BP et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Apr 1;61(5):1551-8.\n4 pts. liver tumors.\nPMID 15050340, 2004 — \"Quantification of respiration-induced abdominal tumor motion and its impact on IMRT dose distributions.\" Gierga BP et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Apr 1;58(5):1584-95.\nUsed surgical clips and fluroscopy. 7 pts (6 pancreas, 1 liver).\nAverage peak-to-peak motion (i.e., twice the amplitude): LR < 2mm, CC 7.4mm, AP 3.8mm\nIMRT plan using PTV margin of 8 mm (accounting for tumor motion only, not setup inaccuracy)\n\r\n\n\nAbdominal Organs \nPittsburgh; 2006 PMID 16690437 -- \"Abdominal organ motion measured using 4D CT.\" (Brandner ED, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Jun 1;65(2):554-60.)\n4D CT scanning, 13 patients\nsup-inf organ motion: liver 1.3 cm, spleen 1.3 cm, left kidney 1.1 cm, right kidney 1.3 cm\nConclusion: 4D CT can accurately measure abdominal organ motion throughout respiration\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 18:00.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 236 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Treatment_planning_Motion skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Treatment planning\/Motion<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\n<big><b>Tumor and Organ At Risk Motion<\/b><\/big>\n<\/p><p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Abdominal_Tumors\">Abdominal Tumors<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15817361?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15817361<\/a>, 2005 — \"The correlation between internal and external markers for abdominal tumors: implications for respiratory gating.\" Gierga BP et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Apr 1;61(5):1551-8.\n<ul><li>4 pts. liver tumors.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15050340?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15050340<\/a>, 2004 — \"Quantification of respiration-induced abdominal tumor motion and its impact on IMRT dose distributions.\" Gierga BP et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Apr 1;58(5):1584-95.\n<ul><li>Used surgical clips and fluroscopy. 7 pts (6 pancreas, 1 liver).<\/li>\n<li>Average peak-to-peak motion (i.e., twice the amplitude): LR < 2mm, CC 7.4mm, AP 3.8mm<\/li>\n<li>IMRT plan using PTV margin of 8 mm (accounting for tumor motion only, not setup inaccuracy)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Abdominal_Organs\">Abdominal Organs<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>Pittsburgh; 2006<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16690437?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 16690437<\/a> -- \"Abdominal organ motion measured using 4D CT.\" (Brandner ED, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Jun 1;65(2):554-60.)\n<ul><li>4D CT scanning, 13 patients<\/li>\n<li>sup-inf organ motion: liver 1.3 cm, spleen 1.3 cm, left kidney 1.1 cm, right kidney 1.3 cm<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: 4D CT can accurately measure abdominal organ motion throughout respiration<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1332\nCached time: 20181221235037\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.040 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.056 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 110\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 944\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 450\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.019\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 826 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 46.786 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 46.786 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>89.61% 41.925 1 Template:BookCat\n24.96% 11.679 1 Template:Evalx\n 9.27% 4.335 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 4.57% 2.138 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:47488-1!canonical and timestamp 20181221235037 and revision id 1606421\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224021\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.158 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 148.730 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion\n100.00% 148.730 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8937-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224021 and revision id 26485\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Treatment_planning\/Motion<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_images":[],"3c0486e0e9f5d365d86f190f7cd85518_timestamp":1546641621,"d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_type":"article","d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_title":"Radiation Therapy Applications","d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields","d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/RT Fields\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\n\r\n\nWe are slowly starting to work on putting fields on here... if you have nice fields, please share :)\nThese are just examples; fields for each patient should be designed based on individual contours and situation\n\r\n\n\nCervix, Early\nCervix, Advanced\nHeterotopic Ossification, Elbow\nMyelodysplastic Spleen\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 17:59.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 324 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_RT_Fields skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/RT Fields<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\nWe are slowly starting to work on putting fields on here... if you have nice fields, please share :)\nThese are just examples; fields for each patient should be designed based on individual contours and situation\n<\/p><p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Cervix\/Early_Stage_Nonbulky#RT_Technique\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Cervix\/Early Stage Nonbulky\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Cervix, Early<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Cervix\/Locally_Advanced#RT_Technique\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Cervix\/Locally Advanced\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Cervix, Advanced<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Heterotopic_ossification#Other_sites\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Heterotopic ossification\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Heterotopic Ossification, Elbow<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Spleen\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Spleen\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Myelodysplastic Spleen<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1242\nCached time: 20181221235037\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.036 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.054 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 104\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 752\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 370\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.018\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 827 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 48.357 1 Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 48.357 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>90.37% 43.698 1 Template:BookCat\n26.56% 12.843 1 Template:Evalx\n11.91% 5.761 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 7.19% 3.477 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:134855-1!canonical and timestamp 20181221235037 and revision id 1015977\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224021\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.015 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.161 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 152.362 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields\n100.00% 152.362 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8936-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224020 and revision id 26484\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/RT_Fields<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_images":[],"d979da4907bf1bacf3f77ee46c4184f5_timestamp":1546641620,"cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_type":"article","cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_title":"Bone Marrow Distribution and Effects","cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow","cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone marrow\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\nAlso please see Toxicity\/Pelvis\nSee also: Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/Pelvis\n\r\n\n\nBone marrow distribution \n\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\nDistribution of Bone Marrow\n\n1961: (London) - PMID 13726497 — \"The distribution of active bone marrow in the adult.\" Ellis RE et al. Phys Med Biol. 1961 Jan;5:255-8.\nBy weighing cadaveric bones.\n\n\n\n\nSite\n% Total red marrow\n\n\nPelvis \r\n(made up of)\n40.0\n\n\n Pelvic bones \n22.3\n\n\n Sacrum \n13.9\n\n\n Femoral head\/neck \n3.8\n\n\nThoracic spine\n14.1\n\n\nLumbar spine\n10.9\n\n\nHead\n13.1\n\n\nUpper Limb Girdle \r\n(made up of)\n8.3\n\n\n Scapulae \n4.8\n\n\n Humeri \n1.9\n\n\n Clavicles \n1.5\n\n\nRibs\n7.9\n\n\nCervical spine\n3.4\n\n\nSternum\n2.3\n\n\n\r\n\n\nCervical Cancer \nUC San Diego\n2011 PMID 20400238 -- \"Normal tissue complication probability modeling of acute hematologic toxicity in cervical cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.\" (Rose BS, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Mar 1;79(3):800-7. Epub 2010 Apr 17.)\nRetrospective. 81 patients treated with concurrent chemo-RT for cervical cancer. DVHs of bone marrow in pelvic field evaluated\nOutcome: V10 <95% and V20 <76% correlated with lower acute G3+ hematologic toxicity. V10 (25% vs 69%, SS) and V20 (22% vs 58%, SS)\nConclusion: Acute hematologic toxicity increases with increasing pelvic bone marrow volume irradiated\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 17:58.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 408 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Toxicity_Bone_marrow skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone marrow<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<ul><li>Also please see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Pelvis\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Toxicity\/Pelvis\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\"> Toxicity\/Pelvis<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><i>See also:<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/IMRT\/Pelvis\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/Pelvis\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology\/IMRT\/Pelvis<\/a>\n<\/p><p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Bone_marrow_distribution\">Bone marrow distribution<\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><b>Distribution of Bone Marrow<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>1961:<\/b> (London) - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/13726497?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 13726497<\/a> — \"The distribution of active bone marrow in the adult.\" Ellis RE et al. Phys Med Biol. 1961 Jan;5:255-8.\n<ul><li>By weighing cadaveric bones.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<table class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:#FFFDD0; text-align:left;\">\n\n\n<tbody><tr>\n<td><b>Site<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>% Total red marrow<\/b>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pelvis <br \/><small>(made up of)<\/small><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">40.0\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Pelvic bones<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>22.3<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Sacrum<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>13.9<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Femoral head\/neck<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>3.8<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thoracic spine<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">14.1\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lumbar spine<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">10.9\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Head<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">13.1\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Upper Limb Girdle <br \/><small>(made up of)<\/small><\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">8.3\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Scapulae<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>4.8<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Humeri<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>1.9<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><div style=\"text-indent: 3em\"> <i>Clavicles<\/i> <p class=\"mw-empty-elt\"><\/p><\/div><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\"><i>1.5<\/i>\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ribs<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">7.9\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cervical spine<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">3.4\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sternum<\/td>\n<td align=\"right\">2.3\n<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Cervical_Cancer\">Cervical Cancer<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>UC San Diego<\/b>\n<ul><li><b>2011<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20400238?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 20400238<\/a> -- \"Normal tissue complication probability modeling of acute hematologic toxicity in cervical cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.\" (Rose BS, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Mar 1;79(3):800-7. Epub 2010 Apr 17.)\n<ul><li>Retrospective. 81 patients treated with concurrent chemo-RT for cervical cancer. DVHs of bone marrow in pelvic field evaluated<\/li>\n<li>Outcome: V10 <95% and V20 <76% correlated with lower acute G3+ hematologic toxicity. V10 (25% vs 69%, SS) and V20 (22% vs 58%, SS)<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: Acute hematologic toxicity increases with increasing pelvic bone marrow volume irradiated<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1326\nCached time: 20181218100004\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.040 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.059 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 121\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 1200\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 425\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.017\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 819 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 46.551 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>99.79% 46.454 2 Template:Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n88.10% 41.010 1 Template:BookCat\n24.83% 11.557 1 Template:Evalx\n 9.76% 4.543 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 5.55% 2.585 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:101178-1!canonical and timestamp 20181218100004 and revision id 2096297\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224020\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.013 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.162 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 153.134 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow\n100.00% 153.134 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8935-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224020 and revision id 26483\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Bone_marrow<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_images":[],"cb666264b4bd997f998bb5ed45a9ec33_timestamp":1546641620,"4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_type":"article","4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_title":"Anatomical Contouring Guidelines","4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring","4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Contouring\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tContouring\r\n\nSee also: Anatomy\n\n<\/p>\nContents \n\n1 CNS \n2 Head & Neck \n3 Regional breast lymph nodes \n4 Supraclavicular \n5 Thorax \n\n5.1 Heart \n\n\n6 Abdomen \n\n6.1 Pancreas \n\n\n7 Pelvis \n\n7.1 Gyn cancers \n7.2 Anal cancer \n\n\n8 Groin \n\n\nCNS \nHippocampus\n\nFlorida; 2009 PMID 19194118 -- \"A radiation oncologist's guide to contouring the hippocampus.\" (Chera BS, Am J Clin Oncol. 2009 Feb;32(1):20-2.)\nStep-by-step guide to contouring the hippocampus on axial magnetic resonance images for radiation therapy treatment planning\n Head & Neck \nPlease see the H&N anatomy page\nRegional breast lymph nodes \nPlease see the axilla RT technique section\nSupraclavicular \nBrachial plexus:\n\nPlease see the Brachial plexus section\nAlso see the section on this page Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax\n\r\nBreast Supraclavicular Target Volumes:\n\nSee: SCV field section\nThorax \nGeneral:\n\nPMID 20934273, 2010 (Article in press) -- \"Consideration of Dose Limits for Organs at Risk of Thoracic Radiotherapy: Atlas for Lung, Proximal Bronchial Tree, Esophagus, Spinal Cord, Ribs, and Brachial Plexus.\" (Kong FM, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Oct 7. [Epub ahead of print])\nContouring atlas. Also includes other tips, pointers.\nIncludes: Lung, proximal bronchial tree, esophagus, spinal cord, ribs, and brachial plexus\nHeart \nPMID 20421148, 2011 -- \"Development and validation of a heart atlas to study cardiac exposure to radiation following treatment for breast cancer.\" (Feng M, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Jan 1;79(1):10-8.)\nContouring atlas. Includes contours of the whole heart, coronary vessels, chambers, and valves.\nAbdomen \nRTOG\n2014 No PMID (journal not indexed) Abstract -- \"Upper abdominal normal organ contouring guidelines and atlas: A Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus.\" (Jabbour SK, Pract Radiat Oncol 2014 Mar;4(2):82-89)\n\r\n\n\nPancreas \nPost-operative:\n\nRTOG\n2012 PMID 22483737 \"Radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel guidelines for the delineation of the clinical target volume in the postoperative treatment of pancreatic head cancer.\" (Goodman KA, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012 Jul 1;83(3):901-8.)\nPelvis \nNormal pelvic structures\n\nRTOG\n2012 PMID 22483697 -- \"Pelvic normal tissue contouring guidelines for radiation therapy: a radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel atlas.\" (Gay HA, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Jul 1;83(3):e353-62.)\n\r\n\nPelvic lymph nodes:\n\nToronto; 2009 PMID 19095369 -- \"Pelvic lymph node topography for radiotherapy treatment planning from ferumoxtran-10 contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.\" (Dinniwell R, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jul 1;74(3):844-51.)\nContouring guidelines.\nRTOG; 2008 PMID 18037584 -- \"Consensus guidelines for delineation of clinical target volume for intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy in postoperative treatment of endometrial and cervical cancer.\" (Small W Jr, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 Jun 1;71(2):428-34. Epub 2007 Nov 26.)\nConsensus atlas of CTV for post-op RT of endometrial and cervical centers for IMRT\nSt. Bartholomew (UK)\n2007 PMID 17624745 -- \"An atlas of the pelvic lymph node regions to aid radiotherapy target volume definition.\" (Taylor A, Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2007 Sep;19(7):542-50. Epub 2007 Jul 10.)\nDevelopment of a CT atlas\n2005 PMID 16198509 — \"Mapping pelvic lymph nodes: guidelines for delineation in intensity-modulated radiotherapy.\" Taylor A et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1604-12.\nGynecologic malignancies. Used MRI with iron oxide particles to visualize lymph nodes. Determined the size of margins around vessels in order to include lymph nodes.\nGives common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, and presacral.\nGives guidelines for pelvic nodal CTV delineation\nPortaluri (Italy), 2005 - PMID 15913911 — \"A three-dimensional definition of nodal spaces on the basis of CT images showing enlarged nodes for pelvic radiotherapy.\" Portaluri M et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Nov 15;63(4):1101-7.\nDefines anatomic boundaries for enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. Boundaries presented in table form. CT contours for each nodal group.\nGives common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, pudendal, deep inguinal, superficial inguinal, and presacral.\nChao (Washington U.), 2002 - PMID 12419442 — \"Lymphangiogram-assisted lymph node target delineation for patients with gynecologic malignancies.\" Chao KS et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Nov 15;54(4):1147-52.\nGynecologic malignancies. CT and lymphangiogram. Determined greatest distance from lymph node to the vessels.\nDid not include internal iliac (not usually visible on LAG)\nConclusion: vessel expansion alone was not sufficient to cover the nodal areas fully and reasonably exclude normal tissue.\n\r\n\nLumbosacral Plexus:\n\n2012 PMID 22342301 -- \"Development of a Standardized Method for Contouring the Lumbosacral Plexus: A Preliminary Dosimetric Analysis of this Organ at Risk Among 15 Patients Treated With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers and the Incidence of Radiation-Induced Lumbosacral Plexopathy.\" (Yi SK, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Oct 1;84(2):376-82.)\n\r\n\n\nGyn cancers \nRTOG; 2008 PMID 18037584 -- \"Consensus guidelines for delineation of clinical target volume for intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy in postoperative treatment of endometrial and cervical cancer.\" (Small W Jr, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 Jun 1;71(2):428-34. Epub 2007 Nov 26.)\nConsensus atlas of CTV for post-op RT of endometrial and cervical centers for IMRT\nAnal cancer \nsee Radiation Oncology\/Anal canal\/Guidelines\nRTOG Atlas\nRTOG Anorectal Contouring Guidelines\n2009 PMID 19117696 -- \"Elective clinical target volumes for conformal therapy in anorectal cancer: a radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel contouring atlas.\" (Myerson RJ, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jul 1;74(3):824-30. Epub 2008 Dec 29.)\nAGITG: Australasian GI Trials Group\n2012 PMID 22401917 -- \"Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group (AGITG) Contouring Atlas and Planning Guidelines for Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Anal Cancer.\" (Ng M, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Aug 1;83(5):1455-62.)\nGroin \nSee also contouring guidelines at #Anal cancer\nInguinal lymph nodes:\n\nFor RT field design, see Radiation_Oncology\/Vulva#Radiation_treatment_volumes (from PMID 8641909)\n\r\n\n\nUPMC;2012 No PMID (not indexed) Full text -- \"Contouring inguinal and femoral nodes; how much margin is needed around the vessels?\" (Kim CH, Practical Radiation Oncology 2012; 2(4):274-278.)\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 17:57.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 674 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Contouring skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Contouring<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p><big><b>Contouring<\/b><\/big><br \/>\n<p><i>See also:<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Anatomy<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"CNS\">CNS<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><i><b>Hippocampus<\/b><\/i>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>Florida; 2009<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19194118?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 19194118<\/a> -- \"A radiation oncologist's guide to contouring the hippocampus.\" (Chera BS, Am J Clin Oncol. 2009 Feb;32(1):20-2.)\n<ul><li>Step-by-step guide to contouring the hippocampus on axial magnetic resonance images for radiation therapy treatment planning<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"rdp-ebb-Head_.26_Neck\"><\/span><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Head_&_Neck\">Head & Neck<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Head_%26_Neck\/Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Head & Neck\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">H&N anatomy<\/a> page<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Regional_breast_lymph_nodes\">Regional breast lymph nodes<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Breast\/RT_technique#Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Breast\/RT technique\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">axilla RT technique<\/a> section<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Supraclavicular\">Supraclavicular<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Brachial plexus:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Brachial_Plexus\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Toxicity\/Brachial Plexus\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Brachial plexus<\/a> section<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Also see the section on this page <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax<\/a><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>Breast Supraclavicular Target Volumes:\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><i>See: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Breast\/RT_technique#SCV_field\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Breast\/RT technique\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">SCV field<\/a> section<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Thorax\">Thorax<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>General:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20934273?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 20934273<\/a>, <b>2010<\/b> (Article in press) -- \"Consideration of Dose Limits for Organs at Risk of Thoracic Radiotherapy: Atlas for Lung, Proximal Bronchial Tree, Esophagus, Spinal Cord, Ribs, and Brachial Plexus.\" (Kong FM, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Oct 7. [Epub ahead of print])\n<ul><li>Contouring atlas. Also includes other tips, pointers.<\/li>\n<li>Includes: Lung, proximal bronchial tree, esophagus, spinal cord, ribs, and brachial plexus<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Heart\">Heart<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul><li><a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20421148?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 20421148<\/a>, 2011 -- \"Development and validation of a heart atlas to study cardiac exposure to radiation following treatment for breast cancer.\" (Feng M, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Jan 1;79(1):10-8.)\n<ul><li>Contouring atlas. Includes contours of the whole heart, coronary vessels, chambers, and valves.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Abdomen\">Abdomen<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG<\/b>\n<ul><li><b>2014<\/b> No PMID (journal not indexed) <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.practicalradonc.org\/article\/S1879-8500(13)00262-2\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">Abstract<\/a> -- \"Upper abdominal normal organ contouring guidelines and atlas: A Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus.\" (Jabbour SK, Pract Radiat Oncol 2014 Mar;4(2):82-89)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Pancreas\">Pancreas<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><i><b>Post-operative:<\/b><\/i>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG<\/b>\n<ul><li><b>2012<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22483737?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 22483737<\/a> \"Radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel guidelines for the delineation of the clinical target volume in the postoperative treatment of pancreatic head cancer.\" (Goodman KA, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012 Jul 1;83(3):901-8.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Pelvis\">Pelvis<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><i><b>Normal pelvic structures<\/b><\/i>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG<\/b>\n<ul><li><b>2012<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22483697?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 22483697<\/a> -- \"Pelvic normal tissue contouring guidelines for radiation therapy: a radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel atlas.\" (Gay HA, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Jul 1;83(3):e353-62.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<i><b>Pelvic lymph nodes:<\/b><\/i>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>Toronto; 2009<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19095369?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 19095369<\/a> -- \"Pelvic lymph node topography for radiotherapy treatment planning from ferumoxtran-10 contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.\" (Dinniwell R, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jul 1;74(3):844-51.)\n<ul><li>Contouring guidelines.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG; 2008<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18037584?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 18037584<\/a> -- \"Consensus guidelines for delineation of clinical target volume for intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy in postoperative treatment of endometrial and cervical cancer.\" (Small W Jr, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 Jun 1;71(2):428-34. Epub 2007 Nov 26.)\n<ul><li>Consensus atlas of CTV for post-op RT of endometrial and cervical centers for IMRT<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>St. Bartholomew<\/b> (UK)\n<ul><li><b>2007<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17624745?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 17624745<\/a> -- \"An atlas of the pelvic lymph node regions to aid radiotherapy target volume definition.\" (Taylor A, Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2007 Sep;19(7):542-50. Epub 2007 Jul 10.)\n<ul><li>Development of a CT atlas<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><b>2005<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16198509?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 16198509<\/a> — \"Mapping pelvic lymph nodes: guidelines for delineation in intensity-modulated radiotherapy.\" Taylor A et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1604-12.\n<ul><li>Gynecologic malignancies. Used MRI with iron oxide particles to visualize lymph nodes. Determined the size of margins around vessels in order to include lymph nodes.<\/li>\n<li>Gives common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, and presacral.<\/li>\n<li>Gives guidelines for pelvic nodal CTV delineation<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>Portaluri<\/b> (Italy), 2005 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15913911?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 15913911<\/a> — \"A three-dimensional definition of nodal spaces on the basis of CT images showing enlarged nodes for pelvic radiotherapy.\" Portaluri M et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Nov 15;63(4):1101-7.\n<ul><li>Defines anatomic boundaries for enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. Boundaries presented in table form. CT contours for each nodal group.<\/li>\n<li>Gives common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, pudendal, deep inguinal, superficial inguinal, and presacral.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li><b>Chao<\/b> (Washington U.), 2002 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12419442?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 12419442<\/a> — \"Lymphangiogram-assisted lymph node target delineation for patients with gynecologic malignancies.\" Chao KS et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Nov 15;54(4):1147-52.\n<ul><li>Gynecologic malignancies. CT and lymphangiogram. Determined greatest distance from lymph node to the vessels.<\/li>\n<li>Did not include internal iliac (not usually visible on LAG)<\/li>\n<li><u>Conclusion:<\/u> vessel expansion alone was not sufficient to cover the nodal areas fully and reasonably exclude normal tissue.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<i><b>Lumbosacral Plexus:<\/b><\/i>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>2012<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22342301?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 22342301<\/a> -- \"Development of a Standardized Method for Contouring the Lumbosacral Plexus: A Preliminary Dosimetric Analysis of this Organ at Risk Among 15 Patients Treated With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers and the Incidence of Radiation-Induced Lumbosacral Plexopathy.\" (Yi SK, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Oct 1;84(2):376-82.)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Gyn_cancers\">Gyn cancers<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG; 2008<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18037584?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 18037584<\/a> -- \"Consensus guidelines for delineation of clinical target volume for intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy in postoperative treatment of endometrial and cervical cancer.\" (Small W Jr, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 Jun 1;71(2):428-34. Epub 2007 Nov 26.)\n<ul><li>Consensus atlas of CTV for post-op RT of endometrial and cervical centers for IMRT<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Anal_cancer\">Anal cancer<\/span><\/h3>\n<dl><dd>see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anal_canal\/Guidelines\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Anal canal\/Guidelines\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology\/Anal canal\/Guidelines<\/a><\/dd><\/dl>\n<ul><li><b>RTOG Atlas<\/b>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rtog.org\/pdf_file2.html?pdf_document=AnorectalContouringGuidelines.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Anorectal Contouring Guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n<li><b>2009<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19117696?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 19117696<\/a> -- \"Elective clinical target volumes for conformal therapy in anorectal cancer: a radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel contouring atlas.\" (Myerson RJ, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jul 1;74(3):824-30. Epub 2008 Dec 29.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><b>AGITG:<\/b> Australasian GI Trials Group\n<ul><li><b>2012<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22401917?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 22401917<\/a> -- \"Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group (AGITG) Contouring Atlas and Planning Guidelines for Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Anal Cancer.\" (Ng M, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Aug 1;83(5):1455-62.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Groin\">Groin<\/span><\/h2>\n<dl><dd>See also contouring guidelines at <a href=\"#Anal_cancer\" rel=\"external_link\">#Anal cancer<\/a><\/dd><\/dl>\n<p><b>Inguinal lymph nodes:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li>For RT field design, see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Vulva#Radiation_treatment_volumes\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Vulva\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation_Oncology\/Vulva#Radiation_treatment_volumes<\/a> (from <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8641909?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 8641909<\/a>)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><b>UPMC;2012<\/b> No PMID (not indexed) <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.practicalradonc.org\/article\/S1879-8500(11)00381-X\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">Full text<\/a> -- \"Contouring inguinal and femoral nodes; how much margin is needed around the vessels?\" (Kim CH, Practical Radiation Oncology 2012; 2(4):274-278.)<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1262\nCached time: 20181219024047\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.056 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.071 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 144\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 458\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 375\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 10\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.022\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 818 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 46.194 1 Template:BookCat\n100.00% 46.194 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>33.16% 15.318 1 Template:Evalx\n11.88% 5.487 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 6.25% 2.885 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:274604-1!canonical and timestamp 20181219024047 and revision id 2984210\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224020\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.017 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.153 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 144.342 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring\n100.00% 144.342 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8934-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224020 and revision id 26482\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfooter\">Source: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- end content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end of the left (by default at least) column -->\n\t\t<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n<\/body>","4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_images":[],"4a927c7863d6517324277b6867e1c606_timestamp":1546641619,"e16ec791ac21d4e9f200369743a3fed5_type":"article","e16ec791ac21d4e9f200369743a3fed5_title":"Treated Anatomy","e16ec791ac21d4e9f200369743a3fed5_url":"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy","e16ec791ac21d4e9f200369743a3fed5_plaintext":"\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\tLII:Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tFrom LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJump to: navigation, search\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\nFront Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials\n\n\nSee also: Contouring\nThis page is for Anatomy Pearls useful for radiation oncology. Suitable examples include radiographic landmarks, location of lymph node groups, and lymph drainage patterns.\n\nContents \n\n1 Anatomy atlases \n2 Dissections \n3 Vertebral Levels \n4 Clinical Syndromes with CN Palsy \n5 Head & Neck \n6 Regional breast lymph nodes \n7 Supraclavicular \n8 Thorax \n9 Abdomen \n\n9.1 Vessels \n9.2 Lymphatics \n9.3 CT Atlas \n\n\n10 Pelvic lymph nodes \n11 Prostate \n12 Skin LN drainage \n13 Pterygopalatine ganglion \n\n\nAnatomy atlases \nHeadNeckBrainSpine Neuroradiology\nGray's Anatomy @ Bartleby.com\nBasic Anatomy @ Dartmouth\nWesley Norman Anatomists\nAnatomyAtlases.org\nRadiology Assistant\nCross-sectional nodal atlas, 1999 (Ohio State) - PMID 10352611 Full text — \"Cross-sectional nodal atlas: a tool for the definition of clinical target volumes in three-dimensional radiation therapy planning.\" Martinez-Monge R et al. Radiology. 1999 Jun;211(3):815-28.\nAtlas of everything (H&N, lung, GI, GU, Gyn) on CT images with nodal regions shaded.\nWayne State University link\nBrain: MRI (Sagittal, Coronal, Axial)\nUpper Abdomen: CT\nThorax: CT\nPelvis + Upper Thigh: CT\nDissections \nSUNY Downstate\n\r\n\n\nVertebral Levels \nD means disc below level\r\n\nCategorized:\n\nVocal Cord \u2014> C5\nCricoid \u2014> C6\nStart of trachea \u2014> C6-C7\nThyroid gland \u2014> C7\nLung apex \u2014> T1\nOrigin SVC \u2014> T3\nAO arch \u2014> T4\/DT3\nCarina \u2014> T5\n25 cm from the incisors\nLiver\nUpper level: T7-8\n\nSuprasternal Notch \u2014> T3\nManubrium \u2014> T4\nAngle of louis \u2014> T5\nXiphoid Process \u2014> T10\n\nAnt costodiaphragm \u2014> T10\nPost costodiaphragm \u2014> L3\n\nGEJ \u2014> T10\/T11 ( 2-3cm to left of midline )\n40cm from incisors\nSpleen \u2014> T10-T11 ( 5cm left to midline )\nPancreas body \u2014> L1\nCysterna chili \u2014> L1-L2\nUmbilicus \u2014> L4\nIf standing and in infants \u2014> lower\nGallbladder \u2014> at 9th rib; right lat border of rectus abdomens ( transpyloric plane )\nStart of large bowel ( Cecum ) \u2014> L4\nAscending Colon : 15cm\nDescending Colon : 25cm\nRectum \u2014>\nStarts : S3\nEnds : 4cm from anus\n\nR Kidney hilum \u2014> L2\nL Kidney hilum \u2014> L1\n\nPara-AO nodes \u2014> T12-L4\nCommon Iliac nodes \u2014> L4 ( Bifurcation of AO )\nBifurcation of common iliac \u2014> L5-S1\n\nUncategorized:\n\nHyoid Bone C4\nRight Lung T1-T11\nLeft Lung T1-DT10\nSuprasternal Notch T3\nAortic arch DT3\nOrigin SVC T3\nBifurcation of Trachea T5\nSVC Heart junction T7\nIVC Heart T9\nApex of Heart T10\nFundus stomach T10\nSpleen T10-L1\nGE Junction T11\nXiphoid Apex DT11\nLeft Kidney DT11-L3\nRight Adrenal T11-L1\nLeft Adrenal T12-L1\nSuperior duodenum DT12\nColon splenic Flexure T12\nPancreas Body T12\nRight lobe of Liver T9-DL3\nRight Kidney T12-L3\nDuodenal Jejeunal Flexure L1\nStomach pylorus L1\nColon hepatic flexure L2\nBottom of gallbladder L2\nAortic bifurcation L4\nIliac Crest L4\nUmbilicus L4\nIleo Cecal Valve L5\nBase of Appendix L5\nIVC origin L5\nLower border of Cecum DS2\nClinical Syndromes with CN Palsy \nPlease see the Clinical Syndromes with CN Palsy page\n Head & Neck \nPlease see the H&N anatomy page\nRegional breast lymph nodes \nPlease see the axilla RT technique section\nSupraclavicular \nBrachial plexus:\n\nPlease see the Brachial plexus section\nAlso see the section on this page Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax\nThorax \nSee also: Radiation Oncology\/Thorax\/Anatomy (Lung lymph node stations)\nAbdomen \nVessels \nIn order, superior to inferior:\n\nCeliac artery\nAt T12 (75%) or L1 (25%)\nSMA\nRenal arteries\/veins\nOvarian\/testicular vein - Right side, drains into IVC 1 cm below R renal vein. Left side, drains into L renal vein lateral to the aorta.\nOvarian\/testicular arteries - 5 to 6 cm above aortic bifurcation\nIMA - 3 to 4 cm above aortic bifurcation\nLymphatics \nPancreaticoduodenal nodes - lie in C-loop of duodenum\nParaaortic lymph nodes (may also be called para-aortic, periaortic, or peri-aortic) - located adjacent to aorta, anterior to lumbar spine, extending bilaterally to the medial margins of the psoas major muscles, up to diaphragmatic crura.\nFor a paraaortic lymph node dissection, the surgeon usually dissects from aortic bifurcation up to SMA or renal veins.\n\r\n\n\nCT Atlas \nBaylor; 2007 PMID 17959923 -- \"Learning the nodal stations in the abdomen.\" (Moron FE, Br J Radiol. 2007 Oct;80(958):841-8.)\nPelvic lymph nodes \nBeth Israel, 2010 - PMID 20032141 -- \"Lymphatic metastases from pelvic tumors: anatomic classification, characterization, and staging.\" (McMahon CJ, Radiology. 2010 Jan;254(1):31-46.)\nComment: shows subdivisions of lymph node groups. Normal node size cutoffs.\nPark (MDACC), 1994 - PMID 7855343 — \"Pathways of nodal metastasis from pelvic tumors: CT demonstration.\" (Park JM, Radiographics. 1994 Nov;14(6):1309-21.)\nProstate \nPlease see Radiation_Oncology\/Prostate\/Anatomy\nSkin LN drainage \nAuckland; 2007 (New Zealand) PMID 17643351 -- \"Three-dimensional visualisation of lymphatic drainage patterns in patients with cutaneous melanoma.\" (Reynolds HM, Lancet Oncol. 2007 Sep;8(9):806-12.)\nHeat maps based on 5239 SLN analyses of cutaneous melanoma patients\nConclusion: Sappey's lines not effective\nPterygopalatine ganglion \nSuspended from V2 branch of trigeminal (CNV) nerve\nParasympathetic input from superior salivary nucleus in brain stem travel via facial nerve (CNVII) to greater superficial petrosal nerve\nSympathetic fibers from carotid plexus travel via deep petrosal nerve\nThe deep petrosal nerve and greater superficial petrosal nerves join to form the vidian nerve, which passes through (sympathetic fibers)\/into (parasympathetic fibers) the pterygopalatine nucleus\nPostganglionic parasympathetic fibers and passing-through sympathetic fibers travel through trigeminal nerve to lacrimal gland and nasal\/oral mucosa\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n\nNotes \nThis article is a direct transclusion of the Wikibooks article and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSource: <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy\">https:\/\/www.limswiki.org\/index.php\/LII:Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\tNavigation menu\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tViews\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tLII\n\t\t\t\tDiscussion\n\t\t\t\tView source\n\t\t\t\tHistory\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tPersonal tools\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLog in\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRequest account\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMain page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRecent changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRandom page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHelp\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSearch\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTools\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhat links here\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRelated changes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpecial pages\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPermanent link\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPage information\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tPrint\/export\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCreate a book\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as PDF\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload as Plain text\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrintable version\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tSponsors\n\t\t\n\t\t\t \r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n \r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This page was last modified on 13 July 2016, at 17:56.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis page has been accessed 397 times.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContent is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise noted.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrivacy policy\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout LIMSWiki\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDisclaimers\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","e16ec791ac21d4e9f200369743a3fed5_html":"<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-202 ns-subject page-LII_Radiation_Oncology_Anatomy skin-monobook action-view\">\n<div id=\"rdp-ebb-globalWrapper\">\n\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-column-content\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\t<a id=\"rdp-ebb-top\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 id=\"rdp-ebb-firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">LII:Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- start content -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-ebb-mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><table style=\"\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2fff2; border: solid 1px #bfffbf; padding: 1em;\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul><li><b>Front Page:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology:RTOG_Trials\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radiation Oncology:RTOG Trials\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">RTOG Trials<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Randomized\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Randomized\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Randomized Trials<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<p><i>See also:<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Contouring\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Contouring\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Contouring<\/a>\n<\/p><p><b>This page is for Anatomy Pearls useful for radiation oncology. Suitable examples include radiographic landmarks, location of lymph node groups, and lymph drainage patterns.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Anatomy_atlases\">Anatomy atlases<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.headneckbrainspine.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">HeadNeckBrainSpine Neuroradiology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bartleby.com\/107\/\" target=\"_blank\">Gray's Anatomy @ Bartleby.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dartmouth.edu\/~humananatomy\/\" target=\"_blank\">Basic Anatomy @ Dartmouth<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/mywebpages.comcast.net\/wnor\/\" target=\"_blank\">Wesley Norman Anatomists<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.anatomyatlases.org\" target=\"_blank\">AnatomyAtlases.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.radiologyassistant.nl\/\" target=\"_blank\">Radiology Assistant<\/a><\/li>\n<li><b>Cross-sectional nodal atlas<\/b>, 1999 (Ohio State) - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10352611?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 10352611<\/a> <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/radiology.rsnajnls.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/211\/3\/815\" target=\"_blank\">Full text<\/a> — \"Cross-sectional nodal atlas: a tool for the definition of clinical target volumes in three-dimensional radiation therapy planning.\" Martinez-Monge R et al. Radiology. 1999 Jun;211(3):815-28.\n<ul><li>Atlas of everything (H&N, lung, GI, GU, Gyn) on CT images with nodal regions shaded.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><b>Wayne State University<\/b> <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.med.wayne.edu\/diagradiology\/anatomy_modules\/Page1.html\" target=\"_blank\">link<\/a>\n<ul><li>Brain: MRI (Sagittal, Coronal, Axial)<\/li>\n<li>Upper Abdomen: CT<\/li>\n<li>Thorax: CT<\/li>\n<li>Pelvis + Upper Thigh: CT<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Dissections\">Dissections<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/ect.downstate.edu\/courseware\/haonline\/toc.htm\" target=\"_blank\">SUNY Downstate<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Vertebral_Levels\">Vertebral Levels<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>D means disc below level<br \/>\n<i>Categorized<\/i>:\n<\/p>\n<ul><li>Vocal Cord \u2014> C5<\/li>\n<li>Cricoid \u2014> C6<\/li>\n<li>Start of trachea \u2014> C6-C7<\/li>\n<li>Thyroid gland \u2014> C7<\/li>\n<li>Lung apex \u2014> T1<\/li>\n<li>Origin SVC \u2014> T3<\/li>\n<li>AO arch \u2014> T4\/DT3<\/li>\n<li>Carina \u2014> T5\n<ul><li>25 cm from the incisors<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Liver\n<ul><li>Upper level: T7-8<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<ul><li>Suprasternal Notch \u2014> T3<\/li>\n<li>Manubrium \u2014> T4<\/li>\n<li>Angle of louis \u2014> T5<\/li>\n<li>Xiphoid Process \u2014> T10<\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<ul><li>Ant costodiaphragm \u2014> T10<\/li>\n<li>Post costodiaphragm \u2014> L3<\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<ul><li>GEJ \u2014> T10\/T11 ( 2-3cm to left of midline )\n<ul><li>40cm from incisors<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Spleen \u2014> T10-T11 ( 5cm left to midline )<\/li>\n<li>Pancreas body \u2014> L1<\/li>\n<li>Cysterna chili \u2014> L1-L2<\/li>\n<li>Umbilicus \u2014> L4\n<ul><li>If standing and in infants \u2014> lower<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Gallbladder \u2014> at 9th rib; right lat border of rectus abdomens ( transpyloric plane )<\/li>\n<li>Start of large bowel ( Cecum ) \u2014> L4\n<ul><li>Ascending Colon : 15cm<\/li>\n<li>Descending Colon : 25cm<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li>Rectum \u2014>\n<ul><li>Starts : S3<\/li>\n<li>Ends : 4cm from anus<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<ul><li>R Kidney hilum \u2014> L2<\/li>\n<li>L Kidney hilum \u2014> L1<\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<ul><li>Para-AO nodes \u2014> T12-L4<\/li>\n<li>Common Iliac nodes \u2014> L4 ( Bifurcation of AO )<\/li>\n<li>Bifurcation of common iliac \u2014> L5-S1<\/li><\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><i>Uncategorized<\/i>:\n<\/p>\n<ul><li>Hyoid Bone C4<\/li>\n<li>Right Lung T1-T11<\/li>\n<li>Left Lung T1-DT10<\/li>\n<li>Suprasternal Notch T3<\/li>\n<li>Aortic arch DT3<\/li>\n<li>Origin SVC T3<\/li>\n<li>Bifurcation of Trachea T5<\/li>\n<li>SVC Heart junction T7<\/li>\n<li>IVC Heart T9<\/li>\n<li>Apex of Heart T10<\/li>\n<li>Fundus stomach T10<\/li>\n<li>Spleen T10-L1<\/li>\n<li>GE Junction T11<\/li>\n<li>Xiphoid Apex DT11<\/li>\n<li>Left Kidney DT11-L3<\/li>\n<li>Right Adrenal T11-L1<\/li>\n<li>Left Adrenal T12-L1<\/li>\n<li>Superior duodenum DT12<\/li>\n<li>Colon splenic Flexure T12<\/li>\n<li>Pancreas Body T12<\/li>\n<li>Right lobe of Liver T9-DL3<\/li>\n<li>Right Kidney T12-L3<\/li>\n<li>Duodenal Jejeunal Flexure L1<\/li>\n<li>Stomach pylorus L1<\/li>\n<li>Colon hepatic flexure L2<\/li>\n<li>Bottom of gallbladder L2<\/li>\n<li>Aortic bifurcation L4<\/li>\n<li>Iliac Crest L4<\/li>\n<li>Umbilicus L4<\/li>\n<li>Ileo Cecal Valve L5<\/li>\n<li>Base of Appendix L5<\/li>\n<li>IVC origin L5<\/li>\n<li>Lower border of Cecum DS2<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Clinical_Syndromes_with_CN_Palsy\">Clinical Syndromes with CN Palsy<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy\/Clinical_syndromes_with_cn_palsy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy\/Clinical syndromes with cn palsy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Clinical Syndromes with CN Palsy<\/a> page<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"rdp-ebb-Head_.26_Neck\"><\/span><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Head_&_Neck\">Head & Neck<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Head_%26_Neck\/Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Head & Neck\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">H&N anatomy<\/a> page<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Regional_breast_lymph_nodes\">Regional breast lymph nodes<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Breast\/RT_technique#Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Breast\/RT technique\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">axilla RT technique<\/a> section<\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Supraclavicular\">Supraclavicular<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Brachial plexus:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><i>Please see the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Toxicity\/Brachial_Plexus\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Toxicity\/Brachial Plexus\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Brachial plexus<\/a> section<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Also see the section on this page <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy#Thorax<\/a><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Thorax\">Thorax<\/span><\/h2>\n<dl><dd><i>See also:<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Thorax\/Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Thorax\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation Oncology\/Thorax\/Anatomy<\/a> (Lung lymph node stations)<\/dd><\/dl>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Abdomen\">Abdomen<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Vessels\">Vessels<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><b>In order, superior to inferior:<\/b>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li>Celiac artery\n<dl><dd>At T12 (75%) or L1 (25%)<\/dd><\/dl><\/li>\n<li>SMA<\/li>\n<li>Renal arteries\/veins<\/li>\n<li>Ovarian\/testicular vein - Right side, drains into IVC 1 cm below R renal vein. Left side, drains into L renal vein lateral to the aorta.<\/li>\n<li>Ovarian\/testicular arteries - 5 to 6 cm above aortic bifurcation<\/li>\n<li>IMA - 3 to 4 cm above aortic bifurcation<\/li><\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Lymphatics\">Lymphatics<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul><li>Pancreaticoduodenal nodes - lie in C-loop of duodenum<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul><li>Paraaortic lymph nodes (may also be called para-aortic, periaortic, or peri-aortic) - located adjacent to aorta, anterior to lumbar spine, extending bilaterally to the medial margins of the psoas major muscles, up to diaphragmatic crura.\n<dl><dd>For a paraaortic lymph node dissection, the surgeon usually dissects from aortic bifurcation up to SMA or renal veins.<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ul>\n<p><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"CT_Atlas\">CT Atlas<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul><li><b>Baylor; 2007<\/b> <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17959923?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 17959923<\/a> -- \"Learning the nodal stations in the abdomen.\" (Moron FE, Br J Radiol. 2007 Oct;80(958):841-8.)<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Pelvic_lymph_nodes\">Pelvic lymph nodes<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>Beth Israel<\/b>, 2010 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20032141?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 20032141<\/a> -- \"Lymphatic metastases from pelvic tumors: anatomic classification, characterization, and staging.\" (McMahon CJ, Radiology. 2010 Jan;254(1):31-46.)\n<ul><li>Comment: shows subdivisions of lymph node groups. Normal node size cutoffs.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<li><b>Park<\/b> (MDACC), 1994 - <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7855343?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 7855343<\/a> — \"Pathways of nodal metastasis from pelvic tumors: CT demonstration.\" (Park JM, Radiographics. 1994 Nov;14(6):1309-21.)<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Prostate\">Prostate<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><i>Please see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Prostate\/Anatomy\" title=\"Radiation Oncology\/Prostate\/Anatomy\" rel=\"external_link\" target=\"_blank\">Radiation_Oncology\/Prostate\/Anatomy<\/a><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Skin_LN_drainage\">Skin LN drainage<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li><b>Auckland; 2007<\/b> (New Zealand) <a class=\"external mw-magiclink-pmid\" rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17643351?dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\">PMID 17643351<\/a> -- \"Three-dimensional visualisation of lymphatic drainage patterns in patients with cutaneous melanoma.\" (Reynolds HM, Lancet Oncol. 2007 Sep;8(9):806-12.)\n<ul><li>Heat maps based on 5239 SLN analyses of cutaneous melanoma patients<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: Sappey's lines not effective<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Pterygopalatine_ganglion\">Pterygopalatine ganglion<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul><li>Suspended from V2 branch of trigeminal (CNV) nerve<\/li>\n<li>Parasympathetic input from superior salivary nucleus in brain stem travel via facial nerve (CNVII) to greater superficial petrosal nerve<\/li>\n<li>Sympathetic fibers from carotid plexus travel via deep petrosal nerve<\/li>\n<li>The deep petrosal nerve and greater superficial petrosal nerves join to form the vidian nerve, which passes through (sympathetic fibers)\/into (parasympathetic fibers) the pterygopalatine nucleus<\/li>\n<li>Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers and passing-through sympathetic fibers travel through trigeminal nerve to lacrimal gland and nasal\/oral mucosa<\/li><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1255\nCached time: 20181221235037\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.072 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.092 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 167\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0\/1500000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 728\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 360\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 11\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 0\/5000000 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0\/400\nLua time usage: 0.026\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 827 KB\/50 MB\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 61.627 1 Template:Radiation_Oncology:TOC\n100.00% 61.627 1 -total\n<\/p>\n<pre>90.26% 55.627 1 Template:BookCat\n28.56% 17.602 1 Template:Evalx\n 8.11% 5.001 1 Template:BOOKCATEGORY\n 4.06% 2.502 1 Template:NAIVEBOOKNAME\n<\/pre>\n<p>-->\n<\/p><p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikibooks:pcache:idhash:22113-1!canonical and timestamp 20181221235037 and revision id 3048736\n<\/p>\n<pre>-->\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This article is a direct transclusion of <a rel=\"external_link\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy\" target=\"_blank\">the Wikibooks article<\/a> and therefore may not meet the same editing standards as LIMSwiki.\n<\/p>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20190104224019\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.146 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 16\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 20\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 2\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 136.270 1 - wikibooks:Radiation_Oncology\/Anatomy\n100.00% 136.270 1 - -total\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key limswiki:pcache:idhash:8933-0!*!*!*!*!*!* and timestamp 20190104224019 and revision id 26481\n -->\n<\/div><div class=\"printfoot
